Association of High Maternal Serum Uric Acid with Adverse Fetal Outcomes in Patients with Preeclampsia

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association of high maternal serum uric acid with adverse fetal outcome (IUGR, preterm birth, low birth weight) in patients with preeclampsia.

Methodology: A cohort study was done at conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sharif Medical City Hospital, Lahore, from October 2021 to April 2022. Blood was drawn to measure maternal serum uric acid. Females were then split into high-uric acid and normal-uric acid groups. All ladies were monitored in OPD till delivery. Serial ultrasounds assessed fetal biometry for IUGR and low birth weight infants in females.

Results: Overall patients mean age was 31.22+5.38 years. Moderate preeclampsia was 51.1%, and severe in 48.9%. IUGR occurred in 70.4% of exposed vs. 29.6% of controls “RR = 2.37, p = 0.022â€, preterm birth in 70% vs. 30% “RR = 2.33, p = 0.017â€, and low birth weight in 70% vs. 30% “RR = 2.33, p = 0.017â€. Additionally based parity IUGR was significantly higher in primiparous exposed women, while low birth weight was significantly higher in multiparous exposed women p <0.05. Furthermore severity of pre-eclampsia revealed a significant association of preterm birth with raised uric acid in mild disease and low birth weight in severe disease p <0.05.

Conclusion: Study revealed a clear association between elevated maternal serum uric acid levels and an increased risk of adverse fetal outcomes, including IUGR, preterm birth, and low birth weight among patients of pre-eclampsia.