Status and Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Metabolic Risk Factors in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

ovarian syndrome patients.

Methodology: This cross sectional comparative study consisted of 140 women having 70 diagnosed patients of PCOS and 70 controls. By using non-probability consecutive sampling, patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. This study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, in a period of one year from January 2022 to January 2023. All research participants' biochemical markers, including testosterone, FSH, LH, blood lipids, glucose, insulin, and serum 25(OH)D were evaluated, along with their demographic data.

Results: The mean age (27.25 ± 3.86 vs. 25.85 ± 4.94) was similar in both groups, mean BMI (26.5 ± 5.83 vs. 23.37 ± 5.28) was significantly (p-value < 0.05) higher in PCOS women higher rate of over weight females (47.14% vs. 32.86%) and obese females (25.71% vs. 7.14%) as compare to normal controls. The mean value of vitamin D level (38.75 ± 20.54 nmol/L) was significantly (p-value < 0.05) lower in PCOS females in contrast to (69.46 ± 23.85 nmol/L) normal healthy controls. The mean values of Fasting plasma glucose level, Insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly (P-value < 0.05) higher in PCOS females. The lipid parameters, LDL-C, and TGs were also found to be significantly (P-value < 0.05) different between PCOS and Controls. body mass index (BMI), FPG, Insuline, HOMA-IR, LDL, TGs, LH and Testosterone level showed a significant (P-value < 0.05) and negative correlation with vitamin D level among females having PCOS.

Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency affects PCOS women, particularly those who are obese and have insulin resistance. A strong and negative correlation was observed between the serum 25(OH)D levels and metabolic risk variables including BMI, FPG, Insuline, HOMA-IR, LDL, TGs, LH, and Testosterone level.